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KMID : 0614020090240010058
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Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (C.N.U.)
2009 Volume.24 No. 1 p.58 ~ p.67
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Biological Actions of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acyl Lysophospholipids
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Huang Long-Shuang
Sok Dai-Eun
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Abstract
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Lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) and polyunsaturated fatty acids are known to be generated from the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine by enzymes such as secretary phospholipase A₂, lipoprotein-specific phospholipase A₂, lecithin／cholesterol acyl transferase or endothelial lipase. Free polyunsatuarted fatty acids have been known to be oxygenated by lipoxygenases to produce various bioactive compounds, which are known to exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. Meanwhile, lysoPC and its hydrolysis product, lysophosphatidic acid (lysoPA), are known to express a variety of bioactivities. However, most of the studies on the bioactivities of lysoPC and lysoPA were examined using lysophospholipids with saturated fatty acyl chains. Recently, the activities of unsaturated lysophospholipids have been of increasing interest, since unsaturated lysophospholipids, present to a substantial level in vivo, have been reported to be utilized as substrates for enzymes such as lipoxygenase. In this review, the biological activities of lysophospholipids, saturated or unsaturated, were discussed in an attempt to stress on the peculiar activities of polyunsaturated lysophospholipids such as 1-linoleoyl lysoPC and 1-docosahexaenoyl lysoPC.
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KEYWORD
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Lysophosphatidylcholine, biological action, unsaturation, lysophospholipid, anti-inflammation
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